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    Void Cube & Mirror Blocks

        Void Cube 是六面中空的魔方,由日本天才手艺人岡本勝彦所制。我高中的时候曾经考虑过魔方的构造,关于它如何能转起来而不会散掉。当时考虑的构造和这 Void Cube 十分类似,还曾经自己用硬纸板试制过,当然不可能转起来。后来拆了市面上的魔方发现和我想的很不一样,直到看到 Void Cube ——为了没有中心也能转起来可以想见这东西对精度的要求非常高,内部的凹槽和滚轮十分精巧,目前转动起来比我那倍受折磨的普通魔方还要顺畅。除了硬件上的难题,软件上 Void Cube 也有特别之处:会玩魔方的人都知道,普通的魔方,把前后左右四个面的中心块顺时针旋转90度,所得到的图案是不能实现的——用数学的语言说,所有边块和所有角块的置换的符号之积必须为1。(关于魔方的不变量以前写过一点介绍,请参阅这里)然而在 Void Cube 中中心块看不见了,但它实质上仍然是与普通魔方相同的群构造,所以比如说如果你用 Friedrich Method 或是其他任何一种 “底层中层+顶层”的还原法来还原 Void Cube,底层中层都还原之后,顶层可能会出现普通魔方中不可能出现的情况,比如两个边块的位置互换。这时你需要把底层转动90度然后从头开始再还原一遍。也就是说对于普通魔方所使用的最有效的还原法,对 Void Cube 来说不再是最有效的了!我听说魔方还有 “底层顶层+中层”的还原法,这个大概对 Void Cube 比较有效,可惜我完全不会。有会的人请教教我。
     
        Mirror Blocks 是六面都是银色的魔方,各个小块不是靠颜色而是靠形状来区分——魔方的转轴不是在立方体的中心位置,所以各个小块都是长短各异的长方体。这东西本质上和普通的魔方一样,但是转开来以后你会惊叹于它的形状是多么的不规则,也于是会感到这东西能还原成立方体有多么的不可思议——即使知道是自己转出来的。鲁比克同学本是建筑学的教授,也许 Mirror Blocks 才是他本来想要做的吧。
     
    附照片一张: 
     
    八卦:下面垫的这本书是 Barth-Hulek-Peters-Van de Ven 的 《Compact Complex Surfaces》

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